Submitted by Petr Vesely on
Founded 27-Jul-2003
Last update 21-Oct-2007
Genealogy
| Ruler: | Philip I Epiphanes Philadelphos (“Philip the Illustrious, Brother-Loving”), Seleukid King, born c. 124 - 112/111 BC, reigned 93 - 83 BC, died c. 83 BC (probably of natural causes)1 | |
| Father: | Antiochos VIII Epiphanes Philometor Kallinikos, Seleukid King, born c. 142 BC (son of Demetrios II Nikator, Seleukid King, and Kleopatra Thea Eueteria, Queen of the Seleukid Empire), reigned 126/5 - 97/6 BC, died 97/6 BC (killed by one of his generals, Herakleon) | |
| Mother: | Tryphaina (alternative spelling Tryphaena),2 Queen of the Seleukid Empire, born c. 141/0 BC (daughter of Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II Tryphon, called Physcon or Kakergetes, King of Egypt, and Kleopatra III Euergetis, Queen of Egypt), married Antiochos VIII in 124 BC (as his first wife), died 112/1 or 110/9 BC (executed by Antiochos IX Philopator, Seleukid King) | |
| Siblings: | (Tryphaina was probably the mother of all children of Antiochos VIII.3) | |
| (1) | Seleukos VI Epiphanes Nikator, Seleukid King, born c. 124 - 112/111 BC (the eldest brother), reigned 97/6 - 94 BC, died 94 BC (died in Mopsuhestia during an uprising against him) | |
| (2) | Antiochos XI Epiphanes Philadelphos (twin of Philip I), Seleukid King, born c. 124 - 112/111 BC, reigned c. 94/3 BC, died c. 94/3 BC (drawned while fording the river Orontes after his defeat by Antiochos X) | |
| (3) | Demetrios III Theos Philopator Soter, Seleukid King, born c. 124 - 112/111 BC, reigned 97/6 - 88/7 BC (defeated and captured by the Parthians), died later in the comfortable Parthian captivity by sickness | |
| (4) | Antiochos XII Dionysos Epiphanes Philopator Kallinikos, Seleukid King, born c. 124 - 112/111 BC (the youngest son), reigned 87/6 - 83/2 BC, died 83/2 BC (killed in battle with the Arabs) | |
| (5) | Laodike Thea, wife of Mithridates I Kallinikos, King of Commagene4 | |
| Wife: | unknown | |
| Child: | Philip II Philoromaios, Seleukid King, date of birth unknown, reigned 67/6 BC (or maybe 67/6 - 66/5 BC), died in or after 57 BC | |
1 It is also possible that he was killed or driven out by Tigranes II, King of Armenia.
2 Greek: Τρυφαινα. Bennett, Egyptian Royal Genealogy: Tryphaena, notes that she is “usually called Cleopatra Tryphaena in modern sources, although there is no ancient justification for this”.
3 Tryphaina was certainly the mother of Antiochos XI and Philip I and presumably the mother of Seleukos VI, Demetrios III, Antiochos XII and Laodike Thea. It is possible that Antiochos VIII had a second wife in the near-decade between the death of Tryphaina and his marriage to Kleopatra Selene in 103/2 BC but there is no evidence for it. (Bennett, Egyptian Royal Genealogy: Tryphaena, Cleopatra Selene)
4 See Grainger, A Seleukid Prosopography and Gazetteer, p. 48 - Laodike (8). Their son, Antiochos I Theos Dikaios Epiphanes Philorhomaios Philhellen, was the builder of the Nemrud monument (see, e.g., the website of The International Nemrud Foundation).
References:
- Bennett, Christopher J.:Egyptian Royal Genealogy. Website, http://www.tyndalehouse.com/Egypt/
- Grainger, John D.:A Seleukid Prosopography and Gazetteer. Brill, Leiden - New York - Köln, 1997.