Submitted by Petr Vesely on
Founded 27-Jul-2003
Last update 21-Oct-2007
Genealogy
| Ruler: | Antiochos X Eusebes Philopator (“Antiochos the Pious1, the Father-loving”), Seleukid King, born c. 113 BC, reigned 95/4 - c. 93/1 BC, died c. 93/83 BC (probably either killed in battle with the Parthians in c. 93/1 BC or killed by Tigranes II the Great in 83 BC) | |
| Father: | Antiochos IX Philopator, Seleukid King, born c. 136/5 BC2 (son of Antiochos VII, Seleukid King, and Kleopatra Thea Eueteria, Queen of the Seleukid Empire), reign 114/3 - 95 BC, died 95 BC (executed after his defeat by Seleukos VI) | |
| Mother: | either an unknown first wife of Antiochos IX or, perhaps more probably, Kleopatra IV, Queen of the Seleukid Empire, born c. 138/135 BC (daugther of Ptolemy VIII, King of Egypt, and Kleopatra III, Queen of Egypt), first married to her brother Ptolemy IX in c. 119/8 BC (marriage dissolved by their mother in c. 115 BC), second married to Antiochos IX in c. 114 BC (as his first known wife), died 112 BC (brutally killed by orders of her sister Tryphaina3, the first wife of Antiochos VIII)4 | |
| Siblings: | – | |
| Wife: | Kleopatra Selene, Queen of the Seleukid Empire, born c. 135/0 BC (daughter of Ptolemy VIII, King of Egypt, and Kleopatra III, Queen of Egypt), first married to her brother Ptolemy IX in 115 BC (as his second wife; marriage presumably dissolved by their mother in c. 107 BC), second married to her brother Ptolemy X in c. 107 BC (as his first wife; marriage presumably dissolved by their mother in c. 103 BC), third married to Antiochos VIII in c. 103/2 BC (as his second wife; terminated by his death in 97/6 BC), fourth married to Antiochos IX in 96 BC (as his second known wife; terminated by his death in 95 BC), fifth married to Antiochos X in 95 BC, died 69 BC (executed by Tigranes II the Great, King of Armenia)5 | |
| Children: | (1) | Antiochos XIII Philadelphos Philometor,6 Seleukid King, born probably in the late 90s BC, joint King of a portion of Syria with his mother Kleopatra Selene sometime in the interval 83 - 69 BC, 1st reign sometime between 69/8 BC and 67/6 BC, 2nd reign 65 - 64 BC, died 64 BC or shortly thereafter (killed by Sampsiceramus, a sheik of Emesa) |
| (2) | a second son, possibly Seleukos Kybiosaktes7 | |
1Eusebes means pious or dutiful. This word was used for piety towards parents as well as Gods.
2 The date of his birth is not certain. See Bennett, Egyptian Royal Genealogy: Cleopatra Thea, for a detailed discussion.
3 Greek: Τρυφαινα. Bennett, Egyptian Royal Genealogy: Tryphaena, notes that she is “usually called Cleopatra Tryphaena in modern sources, although there is no ancient justification for this”.
4 An unknown first wife of Antiochos IX is stated as Antiochos X’s mother by Grainger, A Seleukid Prosopography and Gazetteer, p. 32 - Antiochos IX, p. 33 - Antiochos X, and by Green, Alexander to Actium, p. 735. According to Bennett, Egyptian Royal Genealogy: Cleopatra IV, Kleopatra IV is the most reasonable presumption. See Bennett, Egyptian Royal Genealogy: Cleopatra IV, for a detailed discussion.
5 Bennett, Egyptian Royal Genealogy: Cleopatra Selene
6 For more information, see the page devoted to Antiochos XIII’s genealogy
7 See the page devoted to Antiochos XIII’s genealogy
References:
- Bennett, Christopher J.:Egyptian Royal Genealogy. Website, http://www.tyndalehouse.com/Egypt/
- Grainger, John D.:A Seleukid Prosopography and Gazetteer. Brill, Leiden - New York - Köln, 1997.
- Green, Peter:Alexander to Actium. University of California Press, Berkeley - Los Angeles, 1990.